In class, we have read a couple of Flannery O’ Connor’s...

In class, we have read a couple of Flannery O’ Connor’s short stories which include A Good Man is Hard to Find, Good Country People, and Revelations. After reading these stories, I noticed that Flannery O’ Connor changes the story but in a sense keeps the same main characters in every story. The main things that change between these characters are how they decide to handle a situation and their names; the things that do not change are often the outlook that they have on the world. I noticed the grandma from A Good Man is Hard to Find and Ruby Turpin from Revelations follow the criteria that I listed above. Throughout this paper, I am going to discuss the similarities and differences between the grandma and Ruby Turpin. The Grandma from†¦show more content†¦The pleasant lady comments on how good the weather has been lately and Mrs. Turpin replies that is good enough weather for white folks to pick cotton if African Americans decided not to pick cotton fo r the white folks. Mrs. Turpin begins to say that now neither white folks nor black folks want to pick cotton and she says it’s because black folks feel like they should be equal with white folks. Readers can only conclude that Mrs. Turpin is a bigot from her statements within this section of the book because she implies that black folks have their place and white folks have another place in the world. It is almost like Mrs. Turpin regards herself as higher up in society because she is white and believes that black folks should be her subordinates. The grandmother from a Good Man is Hard to Find handles a revelation in her own way. The grandmother happens to be very judgmental throughout the story of people that are in a lower class than her and African Americans. Toward the end of the story she is trapped on the side of the road with her family after they have just experienced a car accident and the misfit along with his crew pulls over to help them. The grandmother eventual ly realizes who he is. When she realizes that she has nothing left to live for, she connects with another human being and considers the misfit as an equal. She does this by saying to the misfit, â€Å"Why you’re one of my babies. You’re one of my own children!† (377). The grandmother finallyShow MoreRelatedWhat Is an Essay?1440 Words   |  6 PagesBuscemi Essay #3 Rough Draft An essay is a creative written piece in which the author uses different styles such as diction, tone, pathos, ethos or logos to communicate a message to the reader using either a personal experience, filled with morals and parables, or a informative text filled with educational terms. Educational terms could mean the usage of complicated and elevated words or simply information you would get in schools. Some authors, such as Cynthia Ozick, claim that an essay has noRead Morenarrative essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesNarrative Essay A Brief Guide to Writing Narrative Essays Narrative writing tells a story. 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Mary Wollstonecraft Free Essays

string(52) " as decides when it will be terminated or adjusted\." WOLLSTONECRAFT, MARY, A VINDICATION OF THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN A ; MARIA, OR THE WRONGS OF WOMAN This survey will use the thoughts from Mary Wollstonecraft ‘s A Vindication of the Rights of Woman to its fictional comrade Maria, or The Wrongs of Woman, demoing how the thoughts in Vindication are embedded in Maria. Basically, Vindication argues that the inferior place of adult females in British society in the late eighteenth century is due non to any unconditioned defect or failing in adult females, but instead to the fact that work forces have the power to specify and determine relationships, to do the Torahs, to have the belongings, and to make up one’s mind the fate of the genders socially, economically, and politically. The writer does non shrive adult females of their duty for this state of affairs. We will write a custom essay sample on Mary Wollstonecraft or any similar topic only for you Order Now She first acknowledges the natural physical strength which work forces have over adult females, so adds: But non content with this natural pre-eminence, work forces endeavour to drop us still lower, simply to render us tempting objects for a minute ; and adult females, intoxicated by the worship which work forces, under the influence of their senses, pay them, make non seek to obtain a lasting involvement in their Black Marias, or to go the friends of the fellow animals who find amusement in their society ( Wollstonecraft Vindication 7 ) . Vindication is a supplication, so, to both work forces and adult females: to work forces to â€Å" allow adult female portion the rights † ( 201 ) , and to adult females to take portion in a â€Å" REVOLUTION in female manners † ( 199 ) . Wollstonecraft argues that most of what are seen as the failings of the female gender are in fact direct consequences of the societal, economic, political, and educational want of adult females at the custodies of work forces: â€Å" Asserting the rights which adult females in common with work forces ought to postulate for, I have non attempted to palliate their mistakes ; but to turn out them to be the natural effect of their instruction and station in society † ( 200 ) . Womans are raised to believe that their felicity, their really being, are dependent on delighting work forces, on being loved by work forces, on being tempting to work forces. This is the province into which adult females are educated by society, which is a concept of work forces. Womans, in consequence, are created by work forces to be at the same time guiltless and seductive: Womans are every where in this distressing province ; for, in order to continue their artlessness, as ignorance is politely termed, truth is hidden from them, and they are made to presume an unreal character before their modules have acquired any strength. Taught from their illusion that beauty is adult female ‘s scepter, the head shapes itself to the organic structure, and, rolling around its gilding coop, merely seeks to decorate its prison. . . . Women. . . [ have ] their ideas invariably directed to the most undistinguished portion of themselves ( Wollstonecraft Vindication 43 ) . A adult female in such a society does hold power, which Wollstonecraft acknowledges. However, that power — to score, to delight a adult male physically — exists merely at the caprice of the adult male, or, more specifically, as Maria depicts, at the caprice of the adult female ‘s hubby. If the hubby decides to disregard or overrule that power, through assorted maltreatments, including institutionalization, he may make so lawfully at any minute, with no resort available to the adult female. In Vindication, Wollstonecraft title-holders ground, virtuousness, independency, and the rights of adult females to â€Å" the same natural ‘rights ‘ † which work forces enjoy: â€Å" a right to liberty, equality, and the chase of felicity or virtuousness † ( Wollstonecraft Maria V ) . Without instruction, without these rights, without equal societal, economic, political, or legal power, particularly compared to and in relationships with work forces, adult females are reduced to the degree of toies for work forces, to be adored one minute and pitilessly abused the following. In the instance of Maria Venables, the reader finds a adult female whose hubby has her locked away in a Bedlam — lawfully — for demoing marks of independency or â€Å" noncompliance. † Whereas Vindication speaks in wide and general ideological footings, Maria brings the statement down to its most basic unit — the household. In this unit, society discoveries microcosmic look. All that Wollstonecraft shows to be incorrect with society in the thoughts of Vindication, in footings of the maltreatment of adult females, is shown in dramatic signifier in Maria. If the thoughts of Vindication do non make the reader and do him or her to rouse to the wrongs perpetrated against God and humanity ( both male and female ) by the repressive, patriarchal society, so possibly that reader might be driven to ramp at George ‘s chesty abusiveness or to compassion for the abused Maria. Vindication surely addresses the establishment of matrimony in the most critical footings. Womans, she argues, are raised to see matrimony as their primary end and intent in life, the lone means to happiness. Whereas work forces are raised to see which of many professions they might seek to prosecute, adult females are taught to believe merely of matrimony, which means believing merely of what they can make to delight and trap a adult male so that he might care for them and supply them with the pleasances of life: It is non concern, extended programs, or any of the digressive flights of aspiration, that engross [ adult females ‘s ] attending ; no, their ideas are non employed in rise uping such baronial constructions. To lift in the universe, and have the autonomy of running from pleasance to pleasance, they must get married well, and to this object their clip is sacrificed, and their individuals frequently lawfully prostituted ( Wollstonecraft Vindication 60 ) . A married woman, so, to Wollstonecraft is â€Å" frequently † nil more than a legal cocotte. The contract of such a legal relationship is determined by the purchaser, the hubby, who defines that contract every bit good as decides when it will be terminated or adjusted. You read "Mary Wollstonecraft" in category "Essay examples" In the instance of Maria, her matrimony, at the beginning of the book, has been badly adjusted. she has been placed against her will in an insane refuge by her hubby George, who is able to perpetrate her lawfully without her holding any legal resort. This fact reveals that matrimony is even worse than legalized harlotry — it is legalized bondage. Wollstonecraft leaves no uncertainty about her purpose with the novel. â€Å" My chief object, † she writes, is â€Å" the desire of exhibiting the wretchedness and subjugation, peculiar to adult females, that arise out of the partial Torahs and imposts of society † ( Wollstonecraft Maria 5 ) . By â€Å" partial Torahs and imposts, † the writer means that her society is one in which merely the rights of work forces are protected, and the rights of adult females exist merely in so far as work forces allow them to be. As a microcosm of society, the matrimony reflects this legal world. Womans in Wollstonecraft ‘s epoch in England are deprived of their rights whenever work forces so desire. While the general fortunes of maltreatment and want of rights described in Vindication in society at big are evidently unfair and justly pull the anger of the reader, the specific agony of Maria gives those general maltreatments an single human context with which the reader can more deeply place. One might condemn the maltreatments perpetrated by work forces against adult females, by hubbies against married womans, but the specific indignations committed by George against Maria give one a more passionate sense of the unfairness of those maltreatments. Womans in general are the victims of male-dominated society, but the single adult female — in this instance, Maria — who is imprisoned in a awful matrimony is, to Wollstonecraft, the most suffering of victims: For my portion, I can non say any state of affairs more distressing, than for a adult female of esthesia, with an bettering head, to be bound to such a adult male as I have described for life ; obliged to abdicate all the humanizing fondnesss, and to avoid cultivating her gustatory sensation, lest her perceptual experience of grace and polish of sentiment, should sharpen to agony the stabs of letdown. . . . I should contemn, or instead name her an ordinary adult female, who could digest such a hubby as I have sketched ( Wollstonecraft Maria 5-6 ) . Wollstonecraft ‘s basic statement in Vindication is that a adult female, like a adult male, is created by God and is hence meant to develop her endowments and her head and spirit to the fullest, as looks of God ‘s illustriousness in human being. Clearly, so, the subjection of adult females by work forces in society and in matrimony is an act of rebelliousness against the will of God. Women, in the melting pot of adult male ‘s maltreatment, are â€Å" organized † non for full development of their modules and psyche but for â€Å" ignorance. † Wollstonecraft argues that the worst consequence of such maltreatment is the prolongation of stereotypes about adult females ‘s character: I come unit of ammunition to my old statement ; if adult female be allowed to hold an immortal psyche, she must hold, as the employment of life, an apprehension to better. And when, to render the present province more complete, though every thing proves it to be but a fraction of a mighty amount, she is incited by present satisfaction to bury her expansive finish, nature is counteracted, or she was born merely to reproduce and decompose ( Wollstonecraft Vindication 63 ) . Wollstonecraft is non against matrimony per Se, but merely against the baneful signifier it had taken in her clip. Marriage such as the one between Maria and George is an agreement based on the arrant domestication of Maria, the complete riddance of her ability to ground efficaciously as an independent human being. Wollstonecraft writes that â€Å" Reason is perfectly necessary to enable a adult female to execute any responsibility decently † ( Wollstonecraft Vindication 64 ) . Maria is non an â€Å" ordinary † adult female, non a married woman who will obey her opprobrious hubby in the name of matrimonial responsibility. Thrown into a Bedlam by her barbarous hubby and the patriarchal society which supports his inhumane mistreatment of her, Maria maintains her will to contend, but inquiries the ground for that battle: â€Å" And to what aim did she beat up all her energy? — Was non the universe a huge prison, and adult females born slaves? † ( Wollstonecraft Maria 11 ) . Indeed, the universe may be a prison for adult females, but Maria, aided by Jemima, finds the will and strength to make a universe of comparative freedom within that prison. The book remains unfinished, for Wollstonecraft died 11 yearss after giving birth to her 2nd kid, but the writer ‘s notes for possible terminations suggest that adult females can happen the strength within themselves and in conference with one another to get the better of the desperation, to g et away the patriarchal prison, and to populate for one another and for their kids. Maria is driven to suicide, the notes suggest, but is saved by her ain will, by Jemima ‘s intercession, and by the sight of her kid ( Wollstonecraft Maria 136-137 ) . Tellingly, Maria takes five proceedingss in which she struggles in her psyche between the picks of life and decease, between giving to her wretchedness or choosing to assist her girl survive and exceed more easy than she had the confines of the prison of cruel and inhumane patriarchate. Those five proceedingss may be seen as symbolic of the power of ground which Wollstonecraft title-holders in Vindication. Merely when adult females are educated in freedom to develop themselves and their gifts, through ground and apprehension, can they, and work forces, and society, net income to the full from all they have to give. As it is, nevertheless, Wollstonecraft writes, Womans have non any built-in rights to claim ; and, by the same regulation, their responsibilities vanish, for rights and responsibilities are inseparable. By merely so, O ye work forces of apprehension! and mark non more badly what adult females do awry. . . and let her the privileges of ignorance, to whom ye deny the rights of ground, or ye will be worse than Egyptian task-masters, anticipating virtuousness where nature has non given apprehension! ( Wollstonecraft Vindication 201 ) . In that decision to Vindication, Wollstonecraft might look to overrate the goodness of work forces and their willingness or ability to radically change their patriarchal attitudes toward and intervention of adult females. However, her call for a â€Å" REVOLUTION in female manners † ( her capitalisation and accent ) suggests that she knows full good that it will take a fully fledged motion of extremist feminism to alter the construction of the patriarchal society. Surely some work forces helped in the liberating procedure that was to come, and which still continues today, but without radical adult females the state of affairs of Maria would still be platitude today in England ( as it is excessively frequently commonplace in states which maintain their patriarchate ) . The component upon which Maria ‘s narrative stands is her relationship with Jemima. Vindication does non adequately address this demand for female solidarity in the battle for freedom from work forces, but Maria surely makes up for that lack in Wollstonecraft ‘s statement in the earlier work. Jemima and Maria are of wholly different backgrounds, different socioeconomic categories, but they are sisters in footings of their imprisonment in a universe run by work forces for the benefit of work forces. They are both, basically, the belongings of work forces. Together, they form a women’s rightist bond which endures and grows in strength through endurance. Their shared power bases in blunt contrast to the passiveness of the other adult females in the book, who yieldingly follow the dictates of the work forces in their lives. Maria is surely no such meek or ordinary adult female. She is a strong human being who is pushed to the bound by her wicked hubby. Wollstonecraft may show a all right polemical statement for the rights of adult female and against the maltreatments of work forces in Vindication, but her in writing description of the agony of Maria in the novel is, in this reader ‘s position, far more powerful in rousing one ‘s fury and compassion. The concluding straw for Maria is her hubby ‘s understanding with another adult male to hold sex with Maria in exchange for a loan. Making the exchange even more enraging and painful for Maria is her feeling that the adult male had been something of a friend to her. In any instance, Maria confronts her hubby and tells him she is traveling to go forth him: â€Å" I have borne with your dictatorship and unfaithfulnesss. I disdain to express what I have borne with. I thought you unprincipled, but non so unquestionably barbarous. † She tells him that she has felt the enticement of other work forces but has determined to stay faithful to him and to the vows of matrimony which she held sacred. Now, nevertheless, she declares, â€Å" you dare. . . to diss me, by selling me to harlotry! — Yes — every bit lost to daintiness and rule — you dared sacrilegiously to barter the honor of the female parent of your kid † ( Wollstonecraft Maria 95 ) . In a society based on justness and decency, the legal system would back up Maria in her attempts to fly such a ugly adult male and so pervert a matrimony. In fact, that society, described in item in Vindication and portrayed fictionally in Maria, supports non Maria but George, non the victim but the victimiser. Not merely does the system non back up Maria, it allows George to hold her locked away in a Bedlam. She refuses to obey her evil hubby, refuses to passively digest whatever barbarous tortures George dreams up, and society allows him to declare her lawfully insane. Harmonizing to the patriarchal definition of saneness for adult females, she is, so, insane. Sanity for a adult female in the society of Wollstonecraft and Maria is obeisance, passiveness, following every dictate of her hubby and the patriarchal society from which he draws his opprobrious power. A sensible adult female who thinks for herself, who defies her wicked hubby, who refuses to be turned into a cocotte, is, h armonizing to such a society, by definition insane. Although Wollstonecraft in Vindication does hold her minutes of fury at those work forces who perpetuate prevarications about the character of adult females, for the most portion she presents a sensible if impassioned supplication for equity from work forces in their intervention of adult females. She basically asks work forces in power to see allowing adult females the rights she says they should be guaranteed by God. In Maria, nevertheless, written after Vindication, Wollstonecraft seems to propose that work forces can non be relied upon to change their positions or to allow adult females the rights they are granted by virtuousness of God ‘s creative activity. As representative of work forces of his society and clip, and particularly of hubbies, George is shown to be a thoroughly evil adult male, a adult male incapable of any meaningful alteration in his attitude toward adult females and particularly toward his married woman, whom he sees, and whom society sees, as his legal belongings. There seems to be in Maria small hope that work forces will alter on their ain, if at all, and if any alteration does come it will make so as the consequence of the attempts of adult females banding together in love and concern for one another and for their kids. One might reason that Darnford is meant to stand for some new assortment of adult male, an single capable of seeing adult females as human existences and non simply objects of pleasance. Such an statement would be sensible, but Darnford ‘s attitude is in portion the consequence of his ain imprisonment, his ain agony. Work force such as George, on the other manus, are incapable of larning compassion from their ain agony, but alternatively merely expression for retaliation. In any instance, Darnford is non the key to Maria ‘s freedom. That key is provided by herself, her will and ground, by her friend and fellow captive Jemima, and by her love for her kid. The hereafter, Wollstonecraft seems to reason, lies in the custodies of adult females contending together for justness and ground, for the rights of adult female given by God and stolen by work forces. Plants Cited Wollstonecraft, Mary. Maria, or The Wrongs of Woman. New York: Norton, 1994. — – . A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. Mineola, NY: Capital of delaware, 1996. How to cite Mary Wollstonecraft, Essay examples

Existentialism (811 words) Essay Example For Students

Existentialism (811 words) Essay ExistentialismWhen the word existentialism is mentioned, what comes to mind? Lackof faith? Secular beliefs? It is a belief in living life. Could it be anysimpler than that? Existentialists believe in free will, making choices, andliving with those consequences. This is not some kind of weird hippyphilosophy; it makes sense. Existentialistic thought is predominately a 20thcentury revelation. As a philosophy, it states that man possesses free will overhis fate and the direction he wants his life to take. Those who follow thisbelieve they are in a world that does not always make sense, a world that isfilled with uncertainty where well-intended actions can become obscure andchaotic. In basic existentialist beliefs, man is the only animal defining itselfthrough life. Without life, there is no meaning. Existentialists believe in lifeand fighting for it (Wyatt, 1999). Mankind has a free will of choices, causingstress. First, conscious beings exist, and then they spend a lifetime definingan individual essence. All conscious life forms, namely humans, have free will. Every action, expression, or thought is the result of a decision (Wyatt, 1999). The most important decisions are those affecting the free will of otherindividuals, other matters are less important. Some may be affected negatively,their choices reduced by a decision, so decisions must promote freedom among thegreatest number of beings (Wyatt, 1999). Decision-making can be a stressful,solitary act, even when made as part of a group. All decisions are individual;everyone is responsible for his or her choices. Limiting the number of optionsavailable to an individual in any situation reduces that beings freedom toexpress a free will. There is no such thing as a demand, since one can alwaysaccept death as a choice (Wyatt, 1999). According to the existentialisticbelief, I am nothing but my own conscious existence (Lavine, 1999,p. 1). Human existence has fallen, and is lived in suffering and sin, guilt andanxiety. Existentialists reject happiness and optimism because they onlyreflect a superficial understanding of life, or a na?ve and foolish way ofdenying the despairin g, tragic aspect of human existence (Lavine, 1999, p. 1). Human beings are here by chance. Somehow we came to be on earth, thrown intothis time and place. Why? How? Existentialists do not know the answer to thosequestions, but believe I am my own existence, but my existence isnothingness. I live then without anything to structure my being and my world,and I am looking into emptiness and the void, hovering over the abyss in fearand trembling and living the life of dread (Lavine, 1999, p. 1). The veryconcept of existentialism denies the very essence of a God, otherwise known asagnosticism (a sense of apathy regarding the question of an existence of asupreme being or God) or atheism (denying the existence God). Essentially, ifthere is no infinite, omnipresent, creator-God who transcends all boundaries,then there can be no infinite reference point that provides life with meaning. Man is an insignificant being, alone in the cosmos and existing within hisawareness of himself. The individual creates his own reality and meaning withinhis head, because no higher power outside him exists. (Roberts, 1959, p. 76). When a man is alive (conscious), he maintains power over his life. When he isdead, he is an object. No soul exists, no life after death as there is nowhereto go. This is all there is (Cooper, 1999). Existentialists emphasize passionand will. They do not stress ideals, but rather the thinker maintaining theideas. Freedom is more important than determinism, and subjectivity thanobjectivity. Mans feelings and passions are what make him a man-feelings arethe standard for truth (Roberts, 1959). Existentialism is opposed torationalism, yet most writers pen very rational books using all the laws oflogic to persuade readers that irrationalism is the way to meaning. Assumingvalues are relative, how can any society cohere? Would not everyone simplyfollow his particular mindset, therefore causing chaotic disputes? (How canpeople band together for a common cause?) The existence of any absolutes isdenied, but not the assertion human subjectivity and freedom as absolutes(Barrett, 1964). Existenti alism is not a hippy thing; rather, it isa philosophy that stresses the importance of the individual in decidingquestions of morality and truth. One can decide for himself, yet must be willingto face the consequences of his choices. God does not exist in existentialismdue to the pessimistic nature of the philosophy; atheism and agnosticismcoincide with it. However, existentialism is still just a philosophy, one ofmillions. Choose for yourself. .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f , .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f .postImageUrl , .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f , .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f:hover , .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f:visited , .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f:active { border:0!important; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f:active , .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc38db416e219a02c45f3d9120ae59f9f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: My Writing Ability EssayBibliographyBarrett, W. (1964). What is existentialism. New York: Grove Press, Inc. Cooper, D. E. (1999). Existentilism (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishers. Lavine, T. Z. (1999). Existentialism defined and Basic themes of existentialism. Available: http://members.aol.com/KatharenaE/private/PhilozKdaextheme.htmland http://members.aol.com/KatharenaE/private/PhilozKdaexist.html . Roberts, D. E. (1957). Existentialism and religious beliefs. NewYork: Oxford University Press. Wyatt, C. S. (1999). Existentialists: a primer toexistentialism . Available: http://www.tameri.com/csw/exist/exist.html.

How is theme of racism explored in the two poems that you have studied Essay Example

How is theme of racism explored in the two poems that you have studied Paper In this essay I will be exploring, comparing and analysing two poems that explore the theme of racism. The poems that I have been studying are Half-Caste by John Agard and Nothings Changed by Tatamkhulu Afrika. John Agard was born on 21 June 1949 in British Guiana (now Guyana). He moved to England in 1977 where he became a touring lecturer for the Commonwealth Institute. Now he is a famous poet and playwright. Also he is the author of many childrens books. Tatamkhulu Afrika was born in Egypt in 1920 and moved to South Africa as a young child. He published his first novel at the age of 17 and many more after that. He died on the 23rd of December 2002 at the age of 82. My comparison and analysation of the two poems will be portrayed in the paragraphs below. Half-Caste is a poem about racism towards mixed race people. The correct terminology of Half-Caste is mixed race. The poet is trying to provoke a response through emotion, from racists by directly attacking them in this poem. In the poem Half-Caste a mixed race person is directly attacking a racist through words. He is establishing sentiment in order to awaken a reaction from the racist in order to make them understand that having two cultures is better than one. On the other hand Nothings Changed is a poem about apartheid- separation of blacks and whites. This poem depicts a society where rich and poor are divided in the apartheid era of racial segregation in South Africa. Rage has arisen within the poet because, despite the abolishment of apartheid everything hasnt changed, hence the name Nothings Changed. His anger is expressed through the line Hands burn which indicates that hes angry and wants to take action. We will write a custom essay sample on How is theme of racism explored in the two poems that you have studied specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How is theme of racism explored in the two poems that you have studied specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How is theme of racism explored in the two poems that you have studied specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Both the poems are used to convey the feelings of the poets about racism. The form of the poem is related to its subject, as John Agard uses non-standard English, in the form of Afro-Caribbean patois. This shows how he stands outside mainstream British culture. John Agard pokes fun at the idea of caste with ironic suggestion of things only being half present and by looking at work of artists who mix things. In the poem Nothings Changed the poet describes how everything in post-apartheid South Africa has not changed. The quote No sign says it is: But we know where we belong shows that he is describing how although there is no official segregation the sentiment of inequality lives on. This shows us that the feelings of depression still reside within him and that anger has risen within him. The poem Nothings Changed is set in South Africa at the time when apartheid was abolished. The main area in which it has been set is District Six. District Six is the name of a poor area of Cape Town. Although there is no sign there, the poet can feel that this is where he is: y feet know, and my hands, In the poem half-caste John Agard uses both metaphors and similes to express his feelings towards racism. The quotation yu mean when light an shadow mix in de sky shows a natural image that there is nothing wrong with the mixture of colours as it occurs in nature. It is also a form of imagery and personification as it presents the image of colours mixing and is providing human-like features to the light and shadow as they mix. On the other hand, Afrika uses many metaphors and similes such as; for a stone, a bomb. This indicates his anger towards racism as he perceives the stone to be a bomb like figure. He also uses sensory description to make the reader feel the emotion and see what is happening. This is shown by the quotation small round hard stones click the word click is also a form of onomatopoeia as it represents a sound effect. This enhances the effect of the harsh and bitter mood that flows through the first and second paragraphs. In the second stanza of the poem the repetition if the word and shows that his anger is begging to rise. Both poems convey the message of anti-racism. Tatamkhulu Afrika has broken up the poem into crisp and short stanzas. There are 7 stanzas of which 5 consist of 8 lines each. The 6th stanza has been split up into 2 thus creating a 7th stanza, whereas, in Half-Caste the poet John Agard doesnt have many clear stanzas. In half-caste Agard starts of the poem by poking fun at the term half-caste. He uses sentences such as standing on one leg indicating that because he is half-caste he is only half of what he is meant to be. Another way that he pokes fun at the term half caste is by using symbolism such as; in fact some o dem cloud half caste till dem overcast implacing a very weak pun on the term caste and cast. Agard ridicules the term by showing how great artists mix things. Such as when Picasso mixes colours; yu mean when picasso mix red an green is a half-caste canvas/ , and Tchaikovsky mixes black and white keys in his symphonies; yu mean tchaikovsky sit down at dah piano an mix a black key wid a whit key is a half-caste symphony/ . These quotes show that he is expressing his emotion towards racism through the use of a metaphor. He carries on employing fun at the term half-caste by the quotes such as Im sure youll understand why I offer yu half-a-hand an when I sleep at night I close half-a-eye. The quotation yu mean when light an shadow mix in de sky is the poet presenting a natural image- showing us that there is noting wrong with colours mixing. Furthermore, he uses a chatty tone which can be discovered from the quote; well in dat case implying that he is reasoning with someone in an argument. In the poem Nothings changed Afrika starts of with a serious tone and he uses alliteration; cuffs, cans to make the tone snappy and hard hitting. Then his anger starts to rise throughout the poem. This is shown by the repetition of and. In the poem Nothings changed Afrika tries to convey the idea that despite how close the areas of the blacks and whites are, the difference can be heavily felt. The quote I press my nose to the clear panes which supports the idea of the inequality between blacks and whites. He also declares that black people have been living separate from whites for so long that it now seems natural to them. The quote its in the bone sustains this idea. The quote boy indicates that he is once again a black person and is no longer what he wishes to be; a respected person. He also feels rejected. This is shown by the quote small mean. In the poem half-caste Agard changes the mood of the poem from slightly angry, to angry and then very angry. His poem follows the chronology of anger. He uses the words; and when im introduced to yu Im sure youll understand wht I offer yu half a hand to isult the racist and make him feel small and ineffective. However, at the end he changes the mood of the poem to being calm and relaxed as he uses his intellect to outwit his opponent. He alos suggest that the person who he is talking to is narrow minded. The quotation but yu must come back tomorrow wid de whole of yu eye an de whole of yu ear an de whole of yu mind. The poem half-caste has a mixture of languages. Agard uses both Standard English and Afro-Caribbean patois to validate his feelings in the poem. Words like yu and dem indicate that he has the best of both cultures. The poem also creates much imagery about the term half-caste as he portrays himself, in the poem, to be half of what he actually is. It doesnt have much rhythm and rhyme but doesnt have much punctuation either as the feeling of equality can be expressed through this method. On the other hand, Nothings changed contains lots of punctuation and only Standard English is used throughout the poem. The poem contains lots of imagery about the places in the poem and what he, as the person, is feeling. However, they are both similar as they both dont implement much rhythm and rhyme. I think the poem half-caste was written so that the poet could convey his feelings of racism towards mixed race people and express it out loud to the world. He also wants his culture to be known to the people as he doesnt want them to be racist towards his culture. The poet feels very sensitive about this topic as it is something that he wants to be changed as he is being affected by what is happening in the poem. The title of the poem helps me to understand it because it is what the poem is mainly about. In the poem Nothings changed Afrika wants his opinions on the apartheid to be expressed to people so that a change can be made. He wants to change the tradition that has been going on in the past few years so that everyone is equal. The poet is very sensitive to the subject as he is conveying his emotions through the poem, indicating emotional use. The title helps me to understand the poem because it is the main message that is going through the poem. My personal response to the poems half-caste and Nothings changed is that everyone should be treated equally no matter their colour and creed.

Introduction to Demand in Economics

Introduction to Demand in Economics In general, to demand means to ask for urgently. That said, the concept of demand takes on a very particular, and somewhat different, meaning in economics. Economically speaking, to demand something means to be willing, able and ready to purchase a good or service. Lets examine each of these requirements in turn: Willing to purchase- Being willing to purchase simply means that one likes an item enough to want to buy it, and this is usually what people think of when they encounter the concept of demand. However, its important to remember that, while its good to want things, desire to purchase is not the only requirement for economic demand.Able to purchase- Wanting to purchase an item doesnt mean a whole lot if one doesnt have the means to make the transaction happen. Therefore, the ability to purchase is another important factor in demand. Economists dont specify how an individual must be able to pay for an item- he can pay with cash, check, credit card, money borrowed from friends or taken from the piggy bank, etc.Ready to purchase- Demand is, by its nature, a current quantity, so an individual is only said to demand something if he is willing and able to purchase it now as opposed to some point in the future. Putting these three requirements together, it is reasonable to think of demand as answering the question If a seller were to show up right now with a whole truckload of the item in question, how much would an individual purchase? Demand is a pretty straightforward concept, but there are a few other things to keep in mind. Individual vs. Market Demand Not surprisingly, demand for any given item varies from person to person. Nonetheless, market demand can be constructed by adding together the individual demands of all of the buyers in a market. Implicit Time Units It doesn’t really make sense to describe demand without time units. For example, if someone asked â€Å"how many ice cream cones do you demand?† you would need more information in order to answer the question. Does demand mean demand today? This week? This year? All of these time units are going to result in different quantities demanded, so it’s important to specify which one you are talking about. Unfortunately, economists are often somewhat lax about mentioning the time units explicitly, but you should remember that they are always there.

Analysis of fate of a cockroach

Analysis of fate of a cockroach Fate of a Cockroach is one of Al-Hakim’s plays that conform to the theatre of the absurd in Egypt. The play which was published in 1966 consists of two shorter, connected plays. The first was published in Al-Ahram newspaper in 1964 and consists of the second and the third acts spoken by humans under the same title, Fate of Cockroach. The second play, which is spoken by the cockroaches, appeared in the same newspaper in 1965 under the title The King cockroach sakhsookh,A (2002 P. 143). In Fate of a Cockroach Al-Hakim satirically creates the cockroach characters to symbolize the political disillusionment with the socialist revolutionary regime under Nasser’s. He later criticized this period in his account entitled ‘Awdat Alwa’ey’ (the return of consciousness) Badawi, M, M (1987: p.82). The parallelism in the play runs at the level of the cockroaches and humans. The King and the Queen Cockroaches have a similar issue as the human couple Samia and Adil who woke up and began to have an argument. In both instances in the play, though the topic of argument is different, the female has the upper hand. The discourse in both cases alludes to conflictive roles between the sexes which could be taken as a reflection on the case of the roles of women and men in Egyptian society at that time. To illustrate further, the King blames the Queen for trying to underestimate his power and worth. He also blames her for asking him to find a solution to the problem of the ants which is as old as time. Similarly, Adil blames Samia for putting her interests and herself before her husband. He is angry with the fact that she always asks him to do extra chores at home. Samia, who is a round character in the play, is represented as a domineering wife to her husband Adil. Her personality is stronger than his; yet he refuses to accept the fact, pretending that he tolerates her and puts up with her orders as she is of the ‘weaker sex’. Her attitud e towards Adil changes to that of a caring wife after the Doctor tells her that Adil has psychological problems because of the pressures of home, work and study, which led him to identify himself with the cockroach in the bath tub. However, at the end of the play, she is back to the role of the domineering wife after she finds out that the Doctor’s diagnosis is not accurate and that her husband’s desire to protect the cockroach is only because he admires the cockroach’s endless persistence to save his life; an attitude which is shared by the Doctor. Going back to the other cockroach characters such as the Minister, Savant, and Priest; we learn that these characters play secondary roles to the development of the events in the play. Their role is played because each of them has an odd talent to qualify them for the positions they hold. The Minister’s talent of bringing bad news to the King is what qualified him for his position. It is also the completely in comprehensible things that the priest says that made him suitable for his position. As for the Savant, it is the strange information about things that he presents to the king that made him good for his post.

Micro and Macro Economics Analysis of British Airways Coursework

Micro and Macro Economics Analysis of British Airways - Coursework Example Microeconomic Analysis Some of the demand and supply factors that have affected the profitability of British Airways as a company over the years include economic conditions, competition from other airlines, rise and fall in global oil prices, changes in government policy, and employees’ expenses. Economic conditions include one important demand and supply factor that affects the profitability of British Airways. For example, in the first few years of the new millennium, global recession has hit hard the company’s profitability. Generally, global recession means that the world’s economy is shrinking. A bad economy means that many people will not have a lot of money in their accounts to tour the world and in the process, affecting the company’s demand. This in the long run affects the profits of the company. Competition from other airlines is also a factor that affects the British Airways’ profitability. In the new millennium, the emergence of many lo w-cost airlines has really affected the company’s profitability by reducing the demand. ... When global oil prices rise, the cost of jet fuel, which is a by-product of the refined oil, will also rise. This will lead to a significant rise in the price of air tickets and in the long run, reducing the demand as well as the company’s profits tremendously. The vice-versa happens when the global oil prices fall. Recently, when oil prices rose, knowing that this would affect the company’s profits tremendously, BA executives took part in an illegal act of fixing fuel surcharges. This led to the fining of BA and the executives charged with a criminal act (Thompson and Martin, 2010, p.298) Government policy also affects the company’s profitability. When the government issues travel advisories to some destinations in the world due to terrorist attacks, the number of travelers to those destinations goes down and in the process reduces the company’s profits that would have been made in travels to those destinations. For example, the terrorist attacks on the W orld trade center had the government informing people of how the situation on the ground was and in the process, the number of travelers reduced tremendously bringing down the company’s profits. Employees’ expense is another factor that affects British Airways profitability. It forms a big part of the company’s costs which are later passed down to the travelers and which affects demand. For example, in 2002 when the British Airways was restructuring its business operations, it had to have 13,000 job cuts. This job cuts were an attempt by the company to cut its costs by 650 million pounds. This showed how employee expenses as a factor has a big impact on the company’s profitability (Young, 2007, p.42) Â   Â   The market structure in which the chosen company operates in is a

Satisfaction and Force Group Analysis Research Paper

Satisfaction and Force Group Analysis - Research Paper Example In a study by Chadee, Doren and Mattson (1996), tourism experiences have been catered to where quality factors are targeted for deriving the global satisfaction of tourists. The research reveals that different tourist encounters rate for different quality factors, thus confirming that satisfaction is perceived differently by every individual in accordance with his desired need and alleged service. Satisfaction is generally referred to customer’s content. It is the point where a customer approves a product based on a comparison between his perceived performances of the same to his expectations from the product. The term ‘satisfaction’ can also be swapped by different expressions such as discharge of a service, fulfillment of an obligation or a claim. Attaining customer satisfaction has become one of the prime goals of any organization or sector, may it be banking, retailing, hospitality and numerous others. The concept has compelled eminent authors to perform rigor ous studies and analysis in order to measure its worth and various techniques through which a quantitative and qualitative measurement of ‘satisfaction’ can be performed. Satisfaction from organizational perspective is also critical. What an organization thinks about the term ‘satisfaction’ and how it intends to incorporate it in its business practice, must also be considered. In one of the study performed by Todd (2006) on identifying the customer satisfaction pertaining to a banking environment clearly states that satisfaction derived by customer through the services rendered by the bank has actually paid the organization manifolds in future. Here not only pertaining to the banking sector but almost all sectors and industries, the ultimate aim of an organization is to achieve growth and it is almost impossible to attain the objective till the time the organization achieves customer  satisfaction." Hence from this perspective, satisfaction can be defined as an imperative element that aligns organizational practices with customer’s expectations leading to the firm’s organizational success and future growth and customer’s gratification as well. The study reveals that satisfaction varies from customer to customer. In banking, the popular impression one has is that personal service satisfies customers but this is just one little element of its measurement. Satisfaction entails other components as well such as convenience, location, proximity, price efficiency etc, hence it is said that there is no particular way to measure customer satisfaction. There are numerous experts who have devoted extended careers in studying customer  satisfaction but can’t identify what satisfaction exactly means and on what specific grounds it should be measured. Importance of Measurement of Customer Satisfaction Measurement of customer satisfaction is extremely essential as it helps an organization to analyze what a customer ex pects from a product or a firm. It is all the more needed as: The performance raking, if not measured properly, can be misleading; performance trends, if not studied on proper grounds, can reveal misguided information and moreover, faulty deductions can further lead towards improper investment and exorbitant losses for the company (Brandt 1997). In a research conducted by Parasuraman, Berry and Zeithaml (1991), customer satisfaction levels from various sectors were consolidated including telephone repair,

Nato in Afghanistan Essay Example for Free

Nato in Afghanistan Essay NATO’s (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) continued presence in Afghanistan will continue to foster the development of democratization, human rights and development, while effectively eliminating the Taliban from the region. The rise of the Taliban occured when the Soviets invaded Afghanistan in 1979, during the Cold War. The Soviets came into Afghanistan looking to expand their Communist empire. As a result of this Communist expansion in Afghanistan, the USA decided to take counter action against the Soviets, their Cold War enemy, by funding an opposition party. This opposition, called the Mujahedeen, was a religious group with the objective to fight off the change in their cultural country. When the Mujahedeen (now known as the Taliban) drove the Soviets out of Afghanistan, there was the opportunity for a group to take power in the country since the former government had been brought down. As the Taliban had the money and power, they took the opportunity to take control in the country. The Soviet Invasion had made such horrific living conditions to live in, that Afghanistan was known to be the top migrating country at the time. There were 5-10 million Afghans that fled to Iran and Pakistan to seek refuge, with an outstanding 670,000 to 2 million killed. The largest city Kabul, went from a mid-large population of 200,000 people to less than 25,000 people- followed by a month-long campaign of carpet combing and bulldozing by the Soviets and Afghan communist soldiers in 1987. The horror did not just end after the Soviets fled. Today there are an estimated 10-15 million landmines left scattered across the country side, some of which are still active today. It is estimated to take 4,300 years to remove all the land mines that were placed during the Soviet Invasion in Afghanistan, leaving the country as a current dangerous battle zone. When the Soviets left Afghanistan in 1989, Afghanistan was in a very bad position. All that was left was an almost empty government system, an armed terrorist group with high power, and a lack of resource development. During the Taliban rule (from 1989), young Afghan women were shot for attending school, assaulted for not wearing a burqa, and spat on by the ruling class. Although the USA had funded the Taliban during the Soviet Invasion, the outbreak by the Taliban has resulted in NATO choosing to step forward to spread fair a democracy in a needing nation. The current mission that NATO has in Afghanistan is a guide and structure build for developing a strong secular government system- rather than what some Afghan Taliban may refer to it as, â€Å"a destruction of Afghan sovereignty. † The Taliban, or as they call themselves, â€Å"The Warriors and Protectors of Islam,† want to keep Afghanistan as a traditional and pure country with no outside influences such as NATO. Harsh punishments from the Taliban are more often set on Afghan citizens to create bigger scare and public awareness, showing they have no tolerance for broken set rules (their rules that they bring into extremity from the Quran). Having a westernized organization like NATO in Afghanistan upsets the Taliban and Al Qaeda. Although Al Qaeda and the Taliban are different groups, this is an occasion where Al Qaeda and the Taliban agreed to fight together. The Taliban originally did not accept the Arabian group Al Qaeda to set up a base in Afghanistan, but these two different groups both had a common agreement on the abolishment of westernized influences. During this war against the USA, former leader of Al Qaeda, Osama Bin Laden, allied with the Taliban for a Jihad, which according to author Gohari, means, â€Å"A holy war against the Americans who are occupying the land of the two shrines,† and states that a US war on his country, Saudi Arabia, would soon cause an alliance of Muslims to be a US war on Muslims all over the globe. Now, the war has parted into two sides: the USA as part of NATO, versus the Taliban and Al Qaeda. Now one may be wondering what exactly drives the Taliban to act as they do, and the reason is their perspective on religion (Islam). They control governance very similar to a right wing, fascist party. There is a huge reliance on using the religion of Islam to maintain control of society, frequently taken to the extremity, and often at the expense and contradiction of Islamic thought, theory and belief. The Taliban were the elites of Afghanistan before NATO came in and controlled governance, punishing those who choose to disobey their rules and ideologies. The Afghans lived under the Taliban rule in Afghanistan long before the Soviets even fled. It is important to note that the Taliban is an embodiment of a male Afghan mindset, a force that has extreme traditional and religious views. Thus, all individuals with these extreme views are essentially having the same viewpoints of the Taliban. To author Fereshta, â€Å"The Taliban rule is the reason my grandmother cannot read. She explains that the reason behind her grandmother’s illiteracy was the extreme traditional mindset from men several years ago, that affected the treatment of women. During the ruling, as a force, the Taliban were able to strip women of even their basic rights, beyond just their education. Some examples of rules the Taliban have in place (the Taliban still control some sections of Afghanistan) include; pun ishments for: women walking in the street without a blood relative, women speaking loudly in public allowing strangers to hear their voice, and even the presence of a woman in the media. Men as well have been punished. It was almost essential to be purely part of the Islamic faith or they would face consequences. The Taliban has harsh rules set on women in particular, reasoning some support this NATO mission to take out this strongly fascist-like force. This is why NATO’s mission in Afghanistan is to create a secular government- where religion does not in any way affect the laws and rules of its citizens, and in the process destroying Al Qaeda and the Taliban. Evidently, it is vital for NATO to stay in Afghanistan. Without NATO’s involvement, the Taliban would re-establish their power within the first 24 hours of NATO’s leave. It is important to understand that it isn’t the strength of the twenty thousand Taliban in Afghanistan that is the problem, but it is the extremely weak ninety thousand Afghanistan military set to effectively fight terrorism off. In order to permanently stop the Taliban ruling in Afghanistan, the members of NATO need to put in effective effort into the mission, rather than planning to pull out an simply fund money. It is much more beneficial for the country of Afghanistan to have a strong NATO leader with them to assist and fully physically train its military, rather than NATO partially assisting and only providing temporary services. The foreign policies for members of NATO should not be to withdraw troops and make plans to leave by 2014, but to be efficient by deploying experienced troops and commanders, allowing the Afghan military to be better trained. The Afghanistan military knows that NATO is there to train them, and if NATO decides  to start taking away troops, then all efforts already placed to the Afghan military will go to waste as Afghan military cannot yet sustain itself. Members of NATO must be active in Afghanistan and remain dedicated in order to fully build the developed future of Afghanistan. It is also suggested that NATO controls Afghan cities and roads connecting them, to reduce the number of coalition troops who are killed by road side bombs, making the mission more efficient. NATO also needs to work on the control of the opium exports from Afghanistan. About 60% of the world’s illegal opium imports come from Afghanistan, allowing the Taliban to tax local farmers on these exports, resulting in illegally attained money from the black market. With NATO’s mission in place, a structure of democracy is slowly being built. They are interning the economic structure of Afghanistan by the creation of a free market, a boost in the economy, a structure of authority, and a major incline in social qualities (freedom of press and religion). The International Security Assistance force (ISAF) is also a force working in Afghanistan which along with NATO has passed several stages of the mission. In fact, NATO has taken the Taliban out of power, significantly helped the country with its increase in national security, education and healthcare, and has also assisted with the increase in media and free press, rising to seventy five TV stations and one million internet users. By allowing the people of Afghanistan to have a democratic voice and opinion, they can prevent a small group such as the Taliban from ruling the streets again. NATO’s disrespectful behaviour has also been another issue in Afghanistan. Many of the Afghan people are not pleased with NATO’s conducts. It is argued by some that NATO’s conduct hogs land, blocks roads, allows them to mistreat prisoners, and causes the deaths of innocent civilians. However, dealing with civilians is not easy for NATO. Distinguishing who is an ally, and who is in an enemy is not easy when fighting an intelligent group like the Taliban, who employ guerrilla warfare. This results in blame towards NATO for having detrimental behavior, and mistreating innocent civilians thought to be in disguise. However, NATO’s justification is that there have been 50+ cases of troops being killed by who appeared to be their own colleagues disguised in Afghan Army clothing, but were actually secret Taliban members. NATO states that  there have been several casualties during this mission, a lot of which NATO blames civilians for not following conduct rules and disobeying them for their safety. However, Afghan people still do have a valid reason to disrespect NATO soldiers. It would upset any Afghan knowing troops have been taking pictures of themselves posing beside dead Taliban fighters, and hearing reports that talk about soldiers urinating on dead corpses. If NATO wants to successfully complete its mission, then they need its members and soldiers to fully commit to the cause without disorderly conduct. It is important for NATO members to stay in Afghanistan right now in order to fully complete their mission, rather than pulling out in 2014. Afghanistan is now governed by a democratic government, which still needs more development in national security in order to sustain itself. Having NATO stay a few years more will insure the Afghanistan military and government can maintain their position, resulting in a socially and economically developing country. It is not just western influences that NATO is trying to place in Afghanistan. NATO is there taking out the Mujahedeen to create a stable economy, a democratic government system and an end to the ‘Religious Fascism’ currently controlling Afghanistan. In our modern day society, for a country to be stable, they must develop those three factors; a stable economy, a secure democratic government system, and a society where citizens can make their own choices. Having an organization like NATO in Afghanistan, will allow them to develop in areas they need in order to be a successful country. Works Cited FERESHTA. The Globe and Mail.   The Globe and Mail. N. p. , n. d. Web. 02 Nov. 2012. lt;http://www. theglobeandmail. com/commentary/who-are-the-taliban/article4188069/gt;. Gilles, Dorronsoro. Who Are the Taliban? -Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.   Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. N. p. , 22 Oct. 2009. Web. 01 Nov. 2012. lt;http://www. carnegieendowment. org/2009/10/22/who-are-taliban/161gt;. Gohari, M. J. The Taliban: Ascent to Power. Karachi: Oxford UP, 2000. Print. Herda, D. J. The Afghan Rebels: The War in Afghanistan. New York: F. Watts, 1990. Print. NATO and Afghanistan Questions and Answers. NATO Public Diplomacy Division, n. d. Web. 23 Oct. 2012. lt;http://www. nato. int/nato_static/assets/pdf/pdf_publications/NATO_and_Afgh_LR_en. pdfgt;. NATO Training Mission-Afghanistan.   Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Jan. 2012. Web. 24 Oct. 2012. lt;http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/NATO_Training_Mission-Afghanistangt;. Ruth, Fremson. Taliban.    The New York Times. N. p. , 02 Nov. 2012. Web. 02 Nov. 2012. lt;http://topics. nytimes. com/top/reference/timestopics/organizations/t/taliban/index. htmlgt;. Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan (1979).   Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n. d. Web. 03 Nov. 2012. lt;http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/1499983/Soviet-invasion-of-Afghanistangt;. Usman, Sharifi. AFP: Two NATO Troops Killed in Afghan Insider Attack.   Google News. N. p. , n. d. Web. 29 Oct. 2012. lt;http://www. google. om/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5i8SCT8_4WAeAYPgTp71tdQGSc9jg? docId=CNG. 6d1f4bcbd63425ddcfc84f92f4377f7d. 71gt;. Two Arguments for What to Do in Afghanistan TIME. Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News Photos, Video, Tech Reviews TIME. com. N. p. , n. d. Web. 2 Jan. 2013. lt;http://www. time. com/time/magazine/arti [ 1 ]. Soviet war in Afghanistan† Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ 2 ]. Soviet war in Afghanistan† Wikipedia , the free encyclopedia. [ 3 ]. Soviet war in Afghanistan† Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 4 ]. D. J. Herda The Afghan Rebels: The War in Afghanistan. New York: F. Watts, 1990. P. 47-59. Print. [ 5 ]. Sami, Ron Moreau, Yousafzai. Afghanistans Taliban Wish Al Qaeda Would Go Away.   The Daily Beast. Newsweek/Daily Beast, 13 Aug. 2012. Web. 02 Jan. 2013. [ 6 ]. M. J Gohari, the Taliban: Ascent to Power. Karachi: Oxford UP, 2000. P. 73-81. Print. [ 7 ]. FERESHTA. Who are the Taliban  The Globe and Mail. N. p. , n. d. Web. 02 Nov. 2012. . [ 8 ]. Two Arguments for What to Do in Afghanistan TIME.   Breaking News, Analysis, Politics, Blogs, News

My Favorite Author: Stephen King Essay -- Horror Stories Literature Au

My Favorite Author: Stephen King â€Å"It hit you like the flu or a summer cold, only it kept on getting worse, presumably until you choked to death on your own snot or until the fever burned you down. It was highly contagious.† (The Stand, 65) This quote shows what Stephen King as a writer means to me. His writing is infectious. Once I have read one of his novels, I want more. The desire to read his words gets worse the longer I wait. No, reading novels by Stephen King won’t kill a person, but â€Å"it [is] highly contagious.†As one can tell from the above excerpt, King has a way of creating an image in the reader’s mind. The image isn’t always pretty, but it is usually vivid. Although, King has never been ranked as high as Chaucer, or Shakespeare, or even C.S. Lewis, he has a way with words that makes the reader want to continue to read. King has a way to make the reader wonder, understand, and see the worlds he creates in his stories. King was the second child to bless his parents home in â€Å"Maine in 1947.†The fascination with his own childhood memories bursts through the lives of his characters as so many of his stories are set in Maine. This is not to say that he had a horrible childhood, I only mean that we all cherish our memories of our childhood and where we grew up. Perhaps this is King’s homage to his childhood home. King attended â€Å"the University of Maine at Orono† where â€Å"he wrote a weekly column for the school newspaper, The Maine Campus.†A writing career was begun. After graduating â€Å"with a Bachelor Degree of Science in English and [being] qualified to teach [at] the high school level,† he was unable to procure a teaching position and subsisted on his wife’s â€Å"student loan and savings, with an occasional... ...osition has not been easy even with the prompts provided for a theme. I am always anxious to see another King book on the shelf, but it wasn’t until now that I could appreciate the time and thought he put into each of his books. King doesn’t get the credit he deserves for being such a brilliant writer, but yet his books are always top sellers. There has to be something said in that. Write on, Stephen, write on. Bibliography King, Stephen. The Bachman Books: Four Early Novels by Stephen King. New York: NAL Books, 1977. King, Stephen. Dreamcatcher. New York: Scribner, 2001. King, Stephen. Everything’s Eventual: 14 Dark Tales. New York: Scribner, 2002. King, Stephen. The Stand: Complete and Uncut. New York, Doubleday, 1978/1990. The Man: The Official Stephen King Web Presence: Horror Books, Horror Films, Maine. http://www.stephenking.com/man.html

Discipline: School Types Essay

It doesn’t take a lot of research to tell us that discipline in school is different today than it was in the 1950s. But it does take some investigation to find out why. Various studies have shown that students who act up in school express a variety of reasons for doing so: * Some think that teachers don’t care about them. * Others don’t want to be in school at all. * They don’t consider goal setting and success in school important anymore. * Students are unaware that their adolescent behaviors will result in punishment they won’t like. * Discipline enforcers have to go through long procedures of due process: hearings, specific charges, witnesses, and appeals. Despite these hurdles, students agree that discipline is needed in schools. One high school student stated: â€Å"If there were no discipline, the school would not be distinguished from the street.† So if everyone agrees that discipline is key to safety in school, why do we still have a problem? Student-Teacher Relationships In many schools, teachers are intimidated by their students. Out of fear of retaliation, they fail to report problems or ignore them hoping that the students responsible will quit the bad behavior by themselves. Troubled Students State and Federal laws require that some special needs students receive special attention. Many adults and school systems believe that â€Å"troubled students† are not responsible for their actions, thus they’re not punished as severely as other students. Legal Procedures Because of the raised awareness of the civil rights of children, the law requires adults to go through expensive, time-consuming and confusing procedures in regards to school discipline. These legal procedures do protect the rights of children, but make it very difficult to stop school discipline problems. Modeling Very simply, too many adults fail to model the behaviors they want from students. Modeling the rules that students are to follow should be required of all adults. All adults in a community, especially parents and teachers, need to model integrity, honesty, respect and self-control. Enforcement Because of internal administrative problems or lack of procedures, many school officials fail to enforce the rules or punish students for infractions. Some fear lawsuits from parents; others just don’t care, or they’re â€Å"burned out.† Time-out and Detention In-school suspensions, time-out and detention have been age-old solutions for troubled students. Yet today, many students don’t mind detention, preferring it to going home to an empty or abusive household. Many consider time-out a quiet place to work. Detention lets them socialize after school. And both time-out and detention get them attention from caring adults. â€Å"Fuzzy† Rules Studies have shown that many rules are not strictly enforced. Lots of school and classroom rules don’t make sense to students. Some discipline codes are â€Å"fuzzy† and not clear on expectations and punishments. Some disruptive students are labeled with codes like ADHD (Attention Defecit/Hyperactivity Disorder) or Emotional Impairment. This leads some school staff to mistakenly assume that they cannot enforce positive behavior and instead must resort to asking parents to â€Å"medicate† them. Self Esteem Many schools have emphasized self-esteem over and above everything else. Some teachers are afraid to discipline or demand good behavior because it will hurt the child’s self esteem. The result? Now we have ill-behaved, rude kids-but they feel good about themselves. Discipline Trends that Show Promise Some schools are taking control of and finding ways to confront the problems of discipline and school violence. Here are a few programs that seem to be working: * Reaching Success through Involvement: This process has been used in 17 schools across the nation. It involves students in improving their schools, requires adult school members and student leaders to form a community of learners and leaders for improvement. This process alters school contracts, roles and responsibilities of students, teachers and administrators. The students work with the adults to help other students develop a sense of ownership and control. This new feeling of control makes students more motivated to learn. It has been a success in the 17 schools and is being introduced in more schools around the nation. * Parental involvement: In Paterson, New Jersey, parents of truant students are not fined or jailed, they are required to come to school by the court. This punishment leads to a decrease in truancy. Also, in both Maryland and South Carolina, the punishment for some school discipline problems is to require the parents to attend school with their children. Once the parents see that education is important for their children, their children have not been repeat offenders. * Alternative schools: Many school systems have found that by permanently removing chronically disruptive students from the classroom to an alternative school situation, the school discipline problems from the first school decrease drastically. * School scheduling: Many schools have found that a simple solution of rescheduling school lunches has dramatically decreased discipline problems. By spreading lunches out for a longer period, there are fewer frustrations, temper flare ups, and other problems resulting from the stress of having to put up with a crowded lunch period. * School I.D.s: Many schools are also requiring their students to display a picture I.D to cut down on unauthorized persons coming into a school to promote disruptions. This also eases the impersonal atmosphere of larger schools by letting students and teachers learn one another’s names. * Recognition that school is a learning place: Repeatedly, school systems are stressing that schools are a place for learning, not a recreation/social center for students. Once this â€Å"learning atmosphere† is established and enforced, schools have a lower percentage of discipline problems. Basically, school discipline has become lax over the years as our relationships have weakened. Consolidated school systems and mega schools have made the separation between family and school wider than ever. These mega schools have largely ignored the local community. Also, some parents have lost touch with their children for many different reasons. For school discipline to be successful, we need to restore those relationships. Parents and schools need to work together to instill the importance of education into children of all ages. Finding discipline procedures that work is a job for students, parents, and teachers to explore together. In today’s society, working together within the school and community will help teach children that working as a team can effectively solve the problem.

Assessment Criteria Questions Essay

1 1.1 Explain how and why person-centred values must influence all aspects of health and social care work. Answer Person-centred care values must influence all aspects of health and social care work. Health and social care should be based on person-centred values, and should be individualised as this is a law requirement (Human Rights Act 1998, Health and Social care Act 2012, Codes of practice for Social Care Workers, etc.). If person-centre values that underpin all work in the health and social care sector are followed as they should be then all individuals should feel that and health and social workers ensure that: †¢ the individual is supported in accessing their rights †¢ the individual is treated has an individual †¢ the individual is supported to exercise choice †¢ ensure the individual have privacy if they want it †¢ support the individual to be as independent as possible †¢ treat all individuals with dignity and respect 1 1.2 Explain how to evaluate the use of care plans in applying person centred values. Answer We must take into account the history, needs, wishes and preferences of all  individuals when planning care and support. This involves asking the individuals their opinions on every aspect of their daily lives, from what time they wish to get up and have their meals, to what they want to wear and what do they wish to do during the day. Including their personal hygiene and caring needs. Support and treat all service users as individuals and with respect and dignity when considering their needs and preferences. Refer them to the care plan and if they do not agree with something on their care plan, discuss this with them and then report and record the conversation with the manager and it is arranged that the individual should be re-assessed and an updated care plan can be made out with the changes wanted by the individual. 2 2.3 Explain how you adapt your actions and approaches in response to an individual’s changing needs or preferences. An individual care plan is created in agreement and with the individuals consent and will have recorded lots of information regarding the individual, age, family details, likes and dislikes, health needs, culture, mental health and circumstances. The care plan will need to be reviewed frequently; due to changes in the individual’s needs or preferences and any subsequent reviews will also be signed and agreed by him/herself. By including the persons personal values in their care plan you are ensuring that their needs and preferences are met. 3 3.1 Analyse factors that influence the capacity of an individual to express consent. Answer The term â€Å"consent capacity† describes an adult’s ability to understand information relevant to making an informed, voluntary decision. Impairments to reasoning and judgment which may make it impossible for someone to give informed consent include such factors as basic intellectual or emotional  immaturity, high levels of stress such as PTSD or as severe mental retardation, severe mental illness, intoxication, severe sleep deprivation, Alzheimer’s disease, or being in a coma. 3 3.3 Explain what steps to take if consent cannot be readily established. Answer If the person cannot give consent either because they cannot communicate or understand the question then the next of kin can give consent (usually in the order of spouses, parents, children, if there is no-one or in case of emergencies treating staff can give. 4 4.1 Describe different ways of applying active participation to meet individual needs. Active participation is a way of working that recognises an individual’s right to participate in the activities and relationships of everyday life as independently as possible; the individual is regarded as an active partner in their own care or support, rather than a passive recipient. Active participation treats the person as an individual, allowing the service user to actively participate in the decision making regarding his/her own care, activities and relationships of everyday life as independently as possible. In active participation the individual has as an active part in their own care, rather than just being a recipient, this promotes and protects their independence and rights. 4 4.2 Explain how to work with an individual and others to agree how active participation will be implemented. Answer It involves the individuals in making decisions about their lives. Active participation contributes to better health outcomes and the quality of care being delivered. Giving the individual the choice of what to wear, what to eat, when and where to eat it; what the individual would like to do as an activity either with company or by him/herself. This promotes independence, inclusion and autonomy and benefits the individuals by increasing their activity levels and encourages involvement in what directly concerns their life. Being fully involved in these tasks enhances the individual’s wellbeing, increases self-confidence, self-esteem and self-belief. 5 5.4 Describe how to support an individual to question or challenge decisions concerning them that are made by others. Answer By providing the individual with full information on a decision made without being biased/ judgmental in any way ensures the individual has the knowledge to be able to question or challenge any decisions made by others with the view to change then by fully supporting the individual’s rights a meeting to discuss these changes can be arranged with the manager and a risk assessment process could be used to enable the individual to make these changes 6 6.1 Explain the links between identity, self-image and self-esteem. Answer Identity and self-esteem are closely related and developing self-esteem and a strong sense of identity are very important to good mental health. Your sense of identity has to do with who you think you are and how you perceive yourself. It’s about how you define yourself. Self-esteem is how you value yourself. It has to do with your sense of self-worth. Both affect your mental health, your behaviour and how you relate to other people. 6 6.2 Analyse factors that contribute to the well-being of individuals. Answer Spiritual – factors that enrich lives and touch people and are uplifting on a deep level such as religion, music and art. Emotional – factors such as close bonds with family and friends, happy memories, having photos etc Cultural – factors that respect the individual’s likes choices and preferences and that give them a sense of what is normal to them. Religious – factors such as attending church or mosque or visits from their local religious leaders, being able to celebrate religious celebrations, having a quiet place to pray etc Social – factors such as opportunities to be with others, to communicate with others, to share in a group experience. Political – factors such as being involved and having a say in what is happening or should happen in their environment, having their opinions respected etc. 7 7.1 Compare different uses of risk assessment in health and social care. Answer 7 7.2 Explain how risk-taking and risk assessment relate to rights and responsibilities. Answer We all need to take risks in order to have a fulfilled life. Individuals have the right to be as independent as possible and sometimes this means taking risks. For example they might want to be able to take a bath with as little support as possible and this is their right. A risk assessment will provide a plan for the safest way for them to do this. Responsibilities lay with the service provider, the worker and the individual. The service provider has a duty of care to ensure the safety of the individual and employees, the worker has the duty to follow policies, procedures and care plans and not to put the individual at risk and the individual has the duty not to put others at risk. 7 7.3 Explain why risk assessments need to be regularly revised. Answer Risk assessments need to be regularly revised because things change all the time, thus your risks are changing all the time. In order to keep the service users healthy and safe, you must review risks in a timely manner to keep up with the changes. The above is an accurate record of the questioning. Learner signature:Date: Assessor signature:Date: Internal Verifier signature (if sampled):___________________ Date:_________________

harouns and the sea of stories essay Essays (845 words) - Literature

harouns and the sea of stories essay Essays (845 words) - Literature Sean Julien J. Watson ENG1D1-81 May 25, 2017 Storytelling plays an important role in people lives. In Haroun and the sea of stories. Salman Rushdie Politicians Paragraph Storytelling is a critical part of a politician's survival and livelihood in Haroun and the Sea of Stories as stories are used to improve the trustworthiness of the politicos. Politicos will do anything to win votes. As election time came around, the politicos scrambled around to get votes. Many of them counted on Rashid to get them votes. The politicos need Rashid because, "Nobody ever believed anything a politico saidSo the politicos needed Rashid to help them win the people's votes" (Rushdie 20). The citizens do not believe in politicos because they tell lies; they believe in Rashid because he tells stories. Rashid is popular and trustworthy so his stories help the politicians to win votes. The politicos will to any lengths to get people to vote for them. Also, the politicians use stories to help them maintain their image. Some of the politicians tell untrue stories so Snooty Buttoo needs Rashid's help to make him look better. Snooty Buttoo insists that Rashid, "will tell happy stories, praising stories, and the people will believe you, and be happy, and vote for me" (47). Snooty Buttoo needs Rashid to help him improve his image. Stories help the citizens trust and like the politicians. Without stories, the politicians would be seen in a negative light and would not have a positive role in Kahani. Snooty Buttoo needs Rashid to help him improve his image. Stories help the citizens trust and like the politicians. Without stories, the politicians would be seen in a negative light and would not have a positive role in Kahani. Rashid paragraph Storytelling is important to Rashid because his job is telling stories which relies on the sea of stories. As Rashid must say a story for snooty Buttoo at his rally he chooses to say the story of what the whole book is about. he opens with "Ladies and gentlemen, the name of the tale I am going to tell is Haroun and the sea of stories" (205). Rashid says his story and the people of k valley should know the truth and that they should not vote for Snooty Buttoo, and the crowd was very angry at Snooty Buttoo. Also, in Alifbay there was a sad city. And in this sad city rashid was the most cheerful person. He tells his stories to the people of the sad city. His stories come from the stream in the sea of stories. "the storyteller Rashid Khalifa, whose cheerfulness was famous throughout that unhappy metropolis, and whose never-ending stream of tall, short, and winding tales" (15). Rashid tells stories to the sad city to cheer up other people as well as to help brighten up their day and give them hope. This is all thanks to the stories that Rashid tells. Stories are important to Rashid for his job as a storyteller which depends on them, plus he uses them to cheer up the people of the sad city. Plentimaw fish paragraph Stories are important to the P lentimaw fish because it is what the feed off and if their food source is either gone or messed with they will die from starvation or sickness. Shortly after arriving in K ohan, Haroun encountered two fish, Goopy and B agha . Who had several mouths. Iff exp lained that these were the P l entimaw fishes, causing Haroun to wonder their purpose. To which. "Iff replied that the Plentimaw Fishes were what he called 'hunger artists' 'Because when they are hungry they swallow stories through every mouth, and in their innards miracles occur; a little bit of one story joins on to an idea from another, and hey presto, when they spew the stories out they are not the old tales but new ones" (56). The P lent imaw fishes main purpose is to c reate stories. They use their several mou ths to swallow plots and ideas and then twist them into a whole new story. With out stories the P lentimaw fishes would starve, making stories quite impo rtant to them. Plentimaw fish also need st ories because, Goopy and bagha

Implementation Case on Information Technology Coursework

Implementation Case on Information Technology - Coursework Example When it comes to managing change, the main problem that the management faces is employee resistance. This problem is addressed by involving all the employees in the process of managing change and by creating a communications structure which shows to the organization that the top management is committed to making a successful transition. These factors were not addressed in the case. And as a result, the project team members lost confidence in the project’s credibility. The critical success factor was to choose a project leader who had the right skills and experience. This did not appear to be the case as the chosen project leader was unable to resolve the conflicts between the different parties involved in the project. There was controversy as personnel from the department of accounting and finance felt excluded from project management (Bernier, Roy & Brunelle, 2006C). This indicates that there was lack of inter-departmental coordination. This led to difficulties in project man agement. It was the project manager’s responsibility to ensure that all the team members were equally represented. However he failed in this task. As a result the implementation process was held up. The project manager also did not have the right focus. He focused on project completion rather than on whether the implementation was being conducted in a manner which was strategically aligned to the business processes. As a result there were complaints from the team members. The implementation was focused too much on delivery times. In implementing ERP, the critical success factor is to ensure that the software functionalities are aligned to the business processes. It is more effective to change the software to suit the business processes than otherwise. However because the project leader’s only concern was to complete the implementation in time, the strategic alignment process was ignored. As a result the user groups began to question the credibility of the IT department . The user groups also complained that the project manager had become involved in political games which made him favor the IT department. Therefore the project manager had failed to involve all the departments in project management. The result was a confrontation between the IT department and the user groups and this led to difficulties in the implementation process. Although the user groups had been involved in the project management team, they did not know how their efforts were tied to the strategic focus of the company. One of the team members complained that he was constantly writing progress reports. Other team members felt that their time was not being used productively. Because the project manager was focusing too much on completion, the departmental requirements were not addressed. As a result the team members lost confidence in the implementation process and felt that the chosen software was not the right one for the organization. In these circumstances the project team me mbers did not feel motivated to invest their time and efforts in implementing the project. This situation was jeopardizing the future of the project. Because of the defective communications process, there were conflicts between the user groups and the software experts. The user groups felt that the software functionalities did not address the business processes effectively while the software experts were convinced they had the right configuration of options. In this situation there were problems in various dimensions of the project. The

How a bill becomes a law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How a bill becomes a law - Essay Example There is another possibility, whereby the President neither assents or declines the bill (also called sitting on a bill), where upon passage of 10 working days, the bill is passed as law. There is an exception to this 10-day rule, commonly referred to as a pocket veto. In a pocket veto, â€Å"the President can kill a bill if it goes unsigned and Congress adjourns prior to the 10-day time limit. The term "pocket veto" comes from the fact that if the President knows an adjournment is coming, he can place the bill in his pocket and forget about it.† (Mount, 2010) While there are several routes through which a bill can be brought to the floor for discussion, the most common path is through specialized committees. For example, since bills usually concern a particular topic, like raising the salary of military personnel, most of them will â€Å"fall into a specific sub-committee's area of responsibility. There is a Subcommittee on Pay, Promotion, and Retirement that would consider the pay bill. Once a bill is introduced, it is assigned to a committee.

An Analysis Based on Marks and Spencer Annual Reports Essay

An Analysis Based on Marks and Spencer Annual Reports - Essay Example In 2007, Cash inflow from continuing operating activities had been increased by '259 million. Cash inflow from continuing operation in 2008 has been decreased by '206.6 million that has reflected a higher working capital outflow. In 2007, there was reduction in cash outflow on leasehold repayments as compared to 2006 and hence it resulted to an increase in the working capital which was accounted to be '114.1 million. Non Financial Performance Marks and Spencer's stores in UK are highly sophisticated and are established in such a way that it can offer most convenient shopping to the customers. According to the latest survey' Over 21 million people visit Marks and Spencer's stores each week' is highly important in a fluctuating market where competition among groceries and other large scale retailers are fierce (Your M&S- 2008) Amenities including vehicles parking and restaurants are available at its most stores. Around 300 Marks and Spencer stores in UK are equipped with entrance cameras that can record the number of people who visit the stores. It is helpful to establish the ratios between the visits numbers and sales. The annual report details its strategies that it is changed and technologies are upgraded in order to capture customer footfall more accurately. Marks and Spencer has introduced thermal image cameras in its stores that are more sensitive in picking up flow of individuals and separating groups of people as they walk into the stores (Your M&S-2008). The annual reports also indicate that Mystery Shopping strategy is another way used by Marks and Spencer in order to evaluate the service qualities and convenient shopping... This essay stresses that Marks and Spencer’s stores in UK are highly sophisticated and are established in such a way that it can offer most convenient shopping to the customers. According to the latest survey’ Over 21 million people visit Marks and Spencer’s stores each week’ is highly important in a fluctuating market where competition among groceries and other large scale retailers are fierce (Your M&S- 2008) Amenities including vehicles parking and restaurants are available at its most stores. Around 300 Marks and Spencer stores in UK are equipped with entrance cameras that can record the number of people who visit the stores. It is helpful to establish the ratios between the visits numbers and sales. As the paper declares the annual report details its strategies that it is changed and technologies are upgraded in order to capture customer footfall more accurately. Marks and Spencer has introduced thermal image cameras in its stores that are more sensitive in picking up flow of individuals and separating groups of people as they walk into the stores. The annual reports also indicate that Mystery Shopping strategy is another way used by Marks and Spencer in order to evaluate the service qualities and convenient shopping possibilities. Each of the stores will be anonymously visited once a month by the experts. Marks and Spencer has created a broad approach towards customer orientation programs. ‘Marks and Spencer’s new manifesto campaign goes a step further by introducing powerful messages on provenance and healthy eating.